Bluetooth Codec Bitrate: Published and Observed

Measurement compilation 127-990 kb/s published• 529 kb/s aptX HD observed Verified Last verified 2026-09-22
Quick answer

Every published Bluetooth codec bitrate figure in one table, plus what one measurement author observed on a real link. Published rates run from the 127 kb/s floor of SBC's official ladder to LDAC's 990 kbps, with aptX HD at 576 and aptX Adaptive spanning 279-420 kbps. The observed layer adds the part spec sheets leave out: at 44.1 kHz content, aptX HD ran at 529 kbps and LDAC at 303/606/909 kbps, and Apple devices transmit AAC at 256 kbps. Every row names its source and date.

Figures on this page were checked September 2026. Every table row carries its source and access date; published rates and observed rates stay in separate rows, each labeled.

Sources and methodology

Two layers feed this page, and they stay separate in every table.

LayerBasisAccessed
Published ratesOfficial spec tables and product pages: A2DP 1.3.2, Qualcomm aptX pages, Sony LDAC site, Android source code2026-09-22
Observed ratesOne independent measurement author (Archimago), one receiver (AIYIMA A08 PRO, QCC5125), Android 10 and iPhone sources, 24/44.1 test signals2026-09-22

The published layer is multi-source and official. The observed layer is a single program, so its rows are labeled as one author's rig, read as field evidence of what a real link negotiated.

Published rates by codec

CodecPublished rateBasisSource / as of
SBC127 to 345 kb/s across the recommended ladder; 328 kb/s at the High Quality joint-stereo setting, 44.1 kHzSpec Table 4.7 worked examplesA2DP 1.3.2, 2026-09-22
aptX352 kbps, fixedOfficial spec pageaptX official page, 2026-09-22
aptX HD576 kbpsOfficial spec pageaptX HD official page, 2026-09-22
aptX AdaptiveTypically 279 to 420 kbps, dynamicOfficial spec pageaptX Adaptive official page, 2026-09-22
aptX Low LatencyNo rate publishedOfficial page carries no bitrate lineaptX LL official page, 2026-09-22
aptX LosslessAbout 1 Mbps, scaling to 140 kbit/s in congestion2021 press releaseQualcomm press release, 2026-09-22
LDAC330 / 660 / 990 kbps modesOfficial developer siteSony LDAC site, 2026-09-22
AACNo Apple-published rate; 320 kbps default constant in Android's A2DP source; 264 kbps maximum in a third-party tableThree meanings, three sourcesApple publishes none; AOSP a2dp_aac.cc; SoundGuys table, 2026-09-22

The SBC profile carries the full official ladder with bitpool mechanics. Against the official figures above, the third-party table matches exactly on aptX 352, aptX HD 576, aptX Adaptive 279-420 and LDAC 990, and diverges on two rows: it prints SBC at 320 kbps where the spec ladder tops out at 345, and aptX Lossless at 1,200 kbps where the announcement says about 1 Mbps.

Sample-rate effect

The quiet pattern under these tables: nameplate rates assume 48 kHz, most music is 44.1 kHz, and the payload shrinks accordingly.

CodecAt 48 kHzAt 44.1 kHzSource / as of
SBC, High Quality joint stereo345 kb/s328 kb/sA2DP Table 4.7 (both columns official) + same pairing observed by Archimago, 2026-09-22
aptX HD576 kbps published529 kbps observed ("running at 529kbps for 44.1kHz sample rate")aptX HD page (48) + Archimago rig (44.1), 2026-09-22
LDAC330 / 660 / 990 kbps nominal modes303 / 606 / 909 kbps observed ("instead of the 48kHz bitrates")Sony LDAC site (nominal modes) + Archimago rig, which ties the nominal values to 48 kHz, 2026-09-22

Adaptive behavior

Most modern codecs change rate on the fly; only the mechanism differs.

CodecAdaptationSource / as of
SBCBitpool renegotiated per link, changeable "without suspending" the streamA2DP 1.3.2, Section 4.3.2.6, 2026-09-22
LDACAutomatic switching among 330/660/990 kbps against radio conditionsSony LDAC site, 2026-09-22
aptX AdaptiveDynamic bit rate and latency adaptation without user interventionaptX Adaptive official page, 2026-09-22
aptX LosslessScales down to 140 kbit/s in congested RF environmentsQualcomm press release, 2026-09-22

Observed rates

ObservationValueConditionsSource / as of
aptX HD payload529 kbps44.1 kHz test signals, QCC5125 receiver, Android 10 sourceArchimago Part I, 2026-09-22
LDAC payloads303 / 606 / 909 kbpsSame rig, three quality settingsArchimago Part I, 2026-09-22
Apple AAC in practice256 kbps transmitted, with 320 kbps as the codec's typical ceilingApple devices as sourcesArchimago Parts I and II, 2026-09-22
Encoder quality at 256 kbpsiPhone 11 and 14 Pro: THD+N better than -70 dB, TD+N better than -65 dB, "similar to the best that LDAC 909kbps achieved in Android"iPhone sources into the same receiverArchimago Part II, 2026-09-22

That last row is why the observed layer earns its place: 256 kbps of well-encoded AAC measured up against payloads more than three times larger. The verdict belongs to the measurement author; the numbers are his, quoted whole. Per-codec rate archives live in the aptX HD, aptX and AAC profiles.

Coverage and gaps

GapStatusSource / as of
aptX Low Latency rateNo published figure on the official page; no observed row eitheraptX LL official page, 2026-09-22
Apple AAC rateNo first-party number exists; every AAC figure on this page is third-party with its basis labeledApple publishes none, 2026-09-22
Observed layer breadthOne measurement author, one receiver, Android 10 and Apple sources; no second observed program met this page's bar yetCompilation scope, 2026-09-22
aptX Adaptive observed payloadNot in the observed set; the 279-420 kbps span stays official-onlyCompilation scope, 2026-09-22

For the delay side of the same codecs, the latency bench compiles the measured record.

FAQ

Because the content sample rate changes the payload. The A2DP spec derives SBC's rate from sampling frequency, and the effect generalizes: LDAC's nameplate modes run 330/660/990 kbps, one observer measured 303/606/909 kbps with 44.1 kHz test signals and tied the nameplate values to 48 kHz, and aptX HD ran at 529 kbps instead of its 576 kbps nameplate. A "maximum" bitrate usually assumes 48 kHz.

Not by itself. Bitrate is payload, and encoder quality does the rest. One measurement author found Apple's 256 kbps AAC on iPhones measured better than aptX HD and at least equivalent to LDAC above 900 kbps, because Apple's encoder is that good. That is his published verdict, quoted as data; the spectral findings behind it sit in our spectrum bench.

Apple publishes no AAC bitrate. The observed figure is 256 kbps, reported by the same measurement author as what Apple devices typically transmit, while Android's A2DP software carries a 320 kbps default constant and a third-party table prints 264 kbps as a maximum. Three numbers, three meanings, all labeled.

No. The spec's recommended ladder runs 127 to 345 kb/s and the negotiated bitpool sets the point on it. The 328 kb/s figure is the High Quality joint-stereo example at 44.1 kHz from the official table; our SBC profile walks the full ladder.

Recommended receiver

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Sources & verification
  • Bluetooth SIG, A2DP 1.3.2: Table 4.7 recommended SBC parameter sets (bitpools 19/18/35/33/31/29/53/51 giving 127/132/229/237/193/198/328/345 kb/s across 44.1/48 kHz and mono/joint stereo); Section 4.3.2.6 bitpool range 2-250, dynamic change "without suspending"; Section 12.9 rate formula. bluetooth.com/specifications/specs/advanced-audio-distribution-profile-1-3-2/, accessed 2026-09-22
  • Qualcomm official pages: aptX 352kbps (48kHz sampling); aptX HD 576 Kbits (48 kHz sampling); aptX Adaptive "Typically, 279kbps to 420kbps"; aptX Low Latency page publishes no bitrate. aptx.com, accessed 2026-09-22
  • Qualcomm press release (September 1, 2021): aptX Lossless bit-rate about 1Mbps, scaling down to 140kbits/s in congested RF environments. qualcomm.com/news/releases/2021/09/01/qualcomm-adds-bluetooth-lossless-audio-technology-snapdragon-sound, accessed 2026-09-22
  • Sony LDAC official site: 330/660/990 kbps modes; 328 kbps SBC comparison baseline at 44.1 kHz. sony.net/Products/LDAC/, accessed 2026-09-22
  • SoundGuys, Bluetooth codec support for headphones: table rows SBC 320kbps, AAC 264kbps, aptX 352kbps, aptX HD 576kbps, aptX Adaptive 279-420kbps, aptX Lossless 1200kbps. soundguys.com/bluetooth-codec-support-headphones-61989/, accessed 2026-09-22
  • AOSP a2dp_aac.cc: A2DP_AAC_DEFAULT_BITRATE 320000 with variable-bitrate configuration flags. android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Bluetooth/, accessed 2026-09-22
  • Archimago's Musings, "Part I: Comparison of Bluetooth Fidelity - SBC, aptX, AAC, LDAC (Android 10 source)" (August 19, 2023; AIYIMA A08 PRO with QCC5125 receiver, Android 10 phone, 24/44.1 test signals): aptX HD "running at 529kbps for 44.1kHz sample rate"; LDAC at 44.1kHz "these will be at 303, 606, and 909kbps (instead of the 48kHz bitrates of 330, 660, and 990kbps)"; SBC "up to 345kbps as its High Quality profile at 48kHz, throttling down a little to 328kbps for 44.1kHz"; AAC "can go up to 320kbps, typically with most devices (like Apple's products), audio data is transmitted at 256kbps". archimago.blogspot.com/2023/08/part-i-comparison-of-bluetooth-fidelity.html, accessed 2026-09-22
  • Archimago's Musings, "Part II: Comparison of Bluetooth Fidelity - AAC encoder quality (Android 10 & 13, Windows 11, Apple iPhones & Mac)": Apple standard AAC "running at 256kbps"; iPhone 11 and 14 Pro THD+N better than -70dB and TD+N better than -65dB, "similar to the best that LDAC 909kbps achieved in Android"; summary verdict "better than aptX-HD previously tested and at least equivalent to the higher bitrate LDAC >900kbps on Android". archimago.blogspot.com/2023/08/part-ii-comparison-of-bluetooth.html, accessed 2026-09-22
Verified 2026-09-22 by blafili lab · report a correction